The final volume of The Lord of the Rings had only just been published in the US, and had not yet achieved the commercial success it reached later. In June 1956, the animator Al Brodax proposed an animated film adaptation to Tolkien's publishers. He illustrated Bilbo, and produced a synopsis, stating that the Disney studios had "never done a cartoon with this much story", admitting that "there are far more incidents in the story than we could ever use" and that "many sections are too frightening for our purposes." Al Brodax In 1972, the storyboard artist Vance Gerry pitched an animated adaptation pf The Hobbit. According to the animator Wolfgang Reitherman, Walt Disney wanted to make a Lord of the Rings feature film in the 1950s, but his storyboard artists deemed it too complex, too lengthy, and too scary for the company. One of Disney's animators sent a memo suggesting that elements of The Hobbit and Richard Wagner's Ring cycle could be incorporated into Fantasia which was then in the making. In 1938, Walt Disney considered adapting The Hobbit to animation. Tolkien and his publishers, Allen and Unwin, were willing to play along with film proposals, on condition of having a veto on creative decisions or in return for a sufficient sum of money. He had received fanmail on the matter, some proposing to adapt the works to film and some urging him to refuse such proposals. Tolkien watched films, but always mistrusted the medium and his books' suitability for dramatization. Well-received fan films of Middle-earth include The Hunt for Gollum and Born of Hope, which were uploaded to YouTube on and 11 December 2009 respectively. Along with Titanic and Ben-Hur, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King holds the record for Academy Awards won by a single film and is the only one of the three films to win every category for which it was nominated. The third film in Peter Jackson's trilogy, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, was the first and, as of 2020, the only high-fantasy film to win Best Picture. Along with The Godfather film series, it is one of two film series to date to have received three Best Picture nominations. Ĭollectively, the New Line franchise has received a record 37 Academy Award nominations, winning 17, and three special awards, also a record. In February 2023, a new film reboot of the franchise was announced to be in early development from Warner Bros. The first season began in September 2022. In 2017, Amazon Prime Video bought the television rights to adapt a new prequel streaming television series set in the Second Age, a period glimpsed in flashback in The Lord of the Rings films as The Rings of Power. New Line Cinema released the first part of director Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings film series in 2001 as part of a trilogy and several actors and roles were introduced once again in a prequel trilogy in The Hobbit film series, also producing a short film to promote the video game Middle-earth: Shadow of War in 2017, and an animated prequel film, subtitled The War of the Rohirrim, in 2024. Other filmmakers and producers who were interested in an adaptation included Walt Disney, Al Brodax, Forrest J Ackerman, Samuel Gelfman, Denis O'Dell (who contacted David Lean, Stanley Kubrick and Michelangelo Antonioni to direct), and Heinz Edelmann. During this time, filmmakers who attempted to adapt Tolkien's works include William Snyder, Peter Shaffer, John Boorman, Ralph Bakshi, Peter Jackson and Guillermo del Toro. The rights to adapt Tolkien's works passed through the hands of several studios, having been briefly leased to Rembrandt Films before being sold perpetually to United Artists, who then passed them in part to Saul Zaentz (which did business as Middle-earth Enterprises). In 1978 the first big screen adaptation of the fictional setting was introduced in the animated The Lord of the Rings. While animated and live-action shorts were made in 19, the first commercial depiction of the book onscreen was in an animated TV special in 1977. There were many early failed attempts to bring the fictional universe to life on screen, some even rejected by the author himself, who was skeptical of the prospects of an adaptation. Tolkien's novels The Hobbit (1937) and The Lord of the Rings (1954–55), set in Middle-earth, have been the subject of numerous motion picture adaptations, whether for film (cinema), television, or streaming.
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